ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:IPA for Russian

ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ ಲೇಖನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ರಶಿಯನ್ ಭಾಷೆಯು ಐಪಿಎನಲ್ಲಿ (International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)) ಹೇಗೆ ಉಚ್ಚಾರಿಸಲ್ಪಡುತ್ತದೆಂದು ತೋರಿಸಲಾಗಿದೆ.

ಹೆಚ್ಚಿನ ಮಾಹಿತಿಗೆ ರಶಿಯನ್ ಧ್ವನಿವಿಜ್ಞಾನವನ್ನು ನೋಡಿ.

IPA ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗಳು IPA ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗಳು[೧] ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಸಮಾನಗಳು
ವ್ಯಂಜನಗಳು
b бок; небо bʲ белый; воробей boot; beautiful
d дом; деда dʲ делает; Владимир do; dew (for some dialects)
f фата; выставка;[೨] Чехов;[೩] шурф fʲ фея; червь[೩] fool; few
ɡ говорю; другой ɡʲ гербарий; ноги goo; argue
ɣ Господь, Господи;[೪] interj. ага, ого[೪]
j есть; юла; я; толстый [೫] yes, boy
k кость; книга; рука; бок kʲ кишки; короткий cool; cute
l луна; стула ; ствол[೬] lʲ лес; колено; мысль pill; least
m мыло; думать; там mʲ мясо; доме moot; mute
n нос; он nʲ нёс; они; корень noon; newt (for some dialects)
p пыль; стопа; скрип; зуб[೩] pʲ пепел; зыбь[೩] pool; pew
r рыба; широкий; орла; жир rʲ река; четыре; три; зверь trilled r, like in Spanish
s собака; писать; нос; глаз[೩] sʲ синий; здесь; есть; грызть[೨] soup; super (for some dialects)
ʂ широкий; наш; хороший; муж;[೩] что ɕɕ щегол; считать; мужчина; вращать [೭] shop; fresh cheese, fish show
t тот; читаю; водка;[೨] лёд[೩] tʲ тереть; дитя; грудь[೩] tool; tune (for some dialects)
t͡s цель; птица; отец t͡ɕ чай; печень; течь tsunami, cats; chip
v ваш; давать; его[೮] vʲ вести; человек voodoo; view
x ходить; ухо; Бог[೪] xʲ хина; лёгкий[೨][೪] bach; huge (for some dialects).</ref>
z заезжать; язык zʲ зелёный; озеро; просьба;[೨] zoo; azure (for some dialects)
ʐ жест; тяжёлый ʑʑ дрожжи; заезжать[೯] rouge; asia
IPA ಉದಾಹರಣೆಗಳು ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಸಮಾನಗಳು
ಒತ್ತಿಹೇಳುವ ಸ್ವರಗಳು
a трава́ ton
æ пять pat
ɑ па́лка [೧೦] palm
e пень pay
ɛ жест met
i си́него meet
ɨ ты roses (for some dialects)
o о́блако chore
ɵ тётя audio
u пу́ля moon
ʉ чуть choose
ಒತ್ತಡವಿಲ್ಲದ ಸ್ವರಗಳು
ɐ паро́м; сообража́ть; стопа́ bud
ə ко́жа; ше́я; облако about
ɪ тяжёлый; эта́п; четы́ре bit
ɨ дыша́ть; жена́; го́ды dinner
ʉ юти́ться youth
ʊ мужчи́на put
ರಷಿಯನ್ ಭಾಷಾಂತರದಲ್ಲಿ ಉಪಯೋಗಿಸಲ್ಪಡುವ ಇತರ ಚಿನ್ಹೆಗಳು
IPA Explanation
ˈ Stress (placed before the stressed syllable),
for example этап [ɪˈtap]

ಟಿಪ್ಪಣಿಗಳುಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ

  1. ↑ Russian makes contrasts between palatalized ("soft") and unpalatalized ("hard") consonants. Palatalized consonants, denoted by a superscript j, ‹ ʲ› , are pronounced with the body of the tongue raised toward the hard palate, in a manner similar to the articulation of the y sound in yes. /j/, /ɕɕ/, /tɕ/, /ʑʑ/ are also considered "soft".
  2. ↑ ೨.೦ ೨.೧ ೨.೨ ೨.೩ ೨.೪ In consonant clusters, the voicing or devoicing is determined by that of the final obstruent in the sequence (Halle 1959:31)
  3. ↑ ೩.೦ ೩.೧ ೩.೨ ೩.೩ ೩.೪ ೩.೫ ೩.೬ ೩.೭ Voiced obstruents (/b/, /bʲ/, /d/, /dʲ/ /ɡ/, /v/, /vʲ/, /z/, /zʲ/, /ʐ/, and /ʑʑ/) are devoiced word-finally unless the next word begins with a voiced obstruent (Halle 1959:22).
  4. ↑ ೪.೦ ೪.೧ ೪.೨ ೪.೩ In some religious words such as Бог and Господь, as well as interjections, ‹г› and ‹к› represent [ɣ] and [x], respectively. When /ɡ/ loses its voicing, it is also lenited (a form of dissimilation) before plosives in some words.
  5. ↑ The "soft" vowel letters <е> <ю> and <я> represent a /j/ plus a vowel when initial or following other vowels or a yer. When such vowels are unstressed, the /j/ may be deleted.
  6. ↑ /l/ is often strongly pharyngealized but this feature is nondistinctive (Ladefoged & Maddieson 1996:187-188).
  7. ↑ While some speakers pronounce words with <щ> as [ɕɕ] and some as [ɕtɕ], none contrast the two pronunciations, even in words where this sound is spelled with other letters.
  8. ↑ Intervocalic <г> can represent /v/ in certain words and affixes
  9. ↑ The phoneme /ʑʑ/ is in many dialects is replaced with /ʐ/.
  10. ↑ [ɑ] appears between a hard consonant (or a pause) and /l/

ಇವನ್ನೂ ನೋಡಿಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ

ಉಲ್ಲೇಖಗಳುಸಂಪಾದಿಸಿ

  • Halle, Morris (1959), Sound Pattern of Russian, MIT Press
  • Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996), The Sounds of the World's Languages, Blackwell Publishing, ISBN 0-631-19815-6
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