This template has been designed for the presentation of information on non-stellar astronomical bodies: planets (including extrasolar planets), dwarf planets, moons and minor planets. Some parameters will not be applicable to individual types; these may be omitted without any problems to the template's function.

  • This template expects that the ‎<references /> tag will be present in articles setting the minorplanet parameter to yes. Pages without a ‎<references /> tag will show Cite error: There are ‎<ref> tags on this page for a group named "note", but the references will not show without a ‎<ref group="note"> tag; see Help:Cite errors. at the bottom of the page.
  • When parameters relating to minor planets are used (e.g. mp_name), several subheadings and wikilinks within the template are made specific to minor planets. For standard formulas for computable values and sources of physical data, see Template talk:Infobox Nonstellar body#Computed values and Standard asteroid physical characteristics.
  • The Proper Orbital Element "Proper orbital period" (in Julian Years and Days) is calculated within the template from Proper Mean Motion and so does not require a parameter.
  • For bodies orbiting bodies other than the Sun, include the parameter |apsis= (appropriate suffix). This will replace various parameters' default "-helion" suffix to the suffix set by the |apsis= parameter. For example, setting |apsis= astron converts the labels "perihelion", "aphelion" and "Argument of perihelion" into "periastron", "apastron" and "Argument of periastron" respectively.
ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ

For a list of all parameters, see All parameters below.

name
caption
ಪರಿಶೋಧನೆ
ರಿಂದ ಪರಿಶೋಧಿತdiscoverer
ಪರಿಶೋಧನಾ ಸ್ಥಳdiscovery_site
ಪರಿಶೋಧನಾ ದಿನಾಂಕdiscovered
discovery_method
Designations
alt_names
ಕಕ್ಷೀಯ ಗುಣಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು
ಅರೆ-ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಅಕ್ಷ
semimajor
ವಿಕೇಂದ್ರೀಯತೆeccentricity
ಕಕ್ಷೀಯ ಅವಧಿ
period
avg_speed
Inclinationinclination
angular_dist
long_periastron
time_periastron
ಕೋನದೂರsemi-amplitude
ಭೌತಿಕ ಗುಣಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು
ಸರಾಸರಿ ತ್ರಿಜ್ಯ
mean_radius
surface_area
Volumevolume
ದ್ರವ್ಯರಾಶಿmass
Mean density
density
surface_grav
moment_of_inertia_factor
escape_velocity
Albedoalbedo
ತಾಪಮಾನsingle_temperature
{{Infobox planet
| name               = <!--(Common/agreed name)-->
| image              = 
| caption            = 
| apsis              = astron
| discovery_ref      = <!--(Any appropriate <ref>(s) to append to the name)-->
| discoverer         = 
| discovery_site     = 
| discovered         = <!--(Date)-->
| discovery_method   = 
| alt_names          = <!--(Any alternative names for the body)-->
| periastron         = 
| apoastron          = 
| semimajor          = 
| avg_speed          = <!--(Average orbital speed)-->
| eccentricity       = 
| period             = <!--(Orbital period)-->
| inclination        = 
| angular_dist       = 
| long_periastron    = <!--(Longitude of periastron)-->
| time_periastron    = <!--(Time of periastron)-->
| semi-amplitude     = 
| mean_radius        = 
| surface_area       = 
| volume             = 
| density            = 
| mass               = 
| surface_grav       = <!--Equatorial surface gravity-->
| moment_of_inertia_factor = 
| escape_velocity    = 
| albedo             = 
| single_temperature = 
}}
name symbol
caption
ಪರಿಶೋಧನೆ[]
ರಿಂದ ಪರಿಶೋಧಿತdiscoverer
ಪರಿಶೋಧನಾ ಸ್ಥಳdiscovery site
ಪರಿಶೋಧನಾ ದಿನಾಂಕdiscovered
Designations
MPC designationmp_name
alt_names
mp_category
ಕಕ್ಷೀಯ ಗುಣಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು[]
Epoch epoch
Uncertainty parameter uncertainty
Observation arcobservation arc length
Aphelionaphelion
Perihelionperihelion
ಅರೆ-ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಅಕ್ಷ
semimajor
ವಿಕೇಂದ್ರೀಯತೆeccentricity
ಕಕ್ಷೀಯ ಅವಧಿ
period
avg_speed
mean_anomaly
Inclinationinclination
asc_node
arg_peri
Known satellitessatellites
Earth MOIDearth moid
Mercury MOID(see All parameters)
Proper orbital elements[]
p_semi_major AU
p_eccentricity
p_inclination
360 deg / yr
1 yr
(365.25 d)
Precession of perihelion
perihelion_rate arcsec / yr
Precession of the ascending node
node_rate arcsec / yr
ಭೌತಿಕ ಗುಣಲಕ್ಷಣಗಳು
Dimensionsdimensions
ದ್ರವ್ಯರಾಶಿmass
Mean density
density
surface_grav
moment_of_inertia_factor
escape_velocity
sidereal_day
axial_tilt
pole_ecliptic_lat
pole_ecliptic_lon
Albedoalbedo
Surface temp. min mean max
Kelvin 150 200
Celsius −73
Spectral type
spectral_type
abs_magnitude
{{Infobox planet
| name               = 
| symbol             = 
| image              = 
| caption            = 
| discovery_ref      = <ref>....</ref>
| discoverer         = 
| discovered         = 
| discovery_site     = ''discovery_site''
| mp_name            = <!--(Minor planet name)-->
| mp_category        = <!--(Minor planet category)-->
| alt_names          = <!--(Alternative names)-->
| orbit_ref          = <ref>Osculating Orbital Elements</ref>
| epoch              = 
| uncertainty        = [[Uncertainty Parameter U]]
| observation_arc    = [[Observation arc]] length
| aphelion           = 
| perihelion         = 
| semimajor          = 
| eccentricity       = 
| period             = 
| avg_speed          = <!--(Average orbital speed)-->
| inclination        = 
| asc_node           = <!--(Longitude of ascending node)-->
| mean_anomaly       = 
| arg_peri           = <!--(Argument of perihelion)-->
| p_orbit_ref        = <ref>Proper Orbital Elements</ref>
| p_semimajor        = 
| p_eccentricity     = 
| p_inclination      = 
| p_mean_motion      = <!--(Proper orbital mean motion)-->
| perihelion_rate    = <!--(Proper perihelic precession rate)-->
| node_rate          = <!--(Proper nodal precession rate)-->
| satellites         = 
| moid               = <!--(Earth moid only)-->
| mercury_moid       = <!--(see "All parameters" section)-->
| dimensions         = 
| mass               = 
| density            = 
| surface_grav       = <!--(Equatorial surface gravity)-->
| moment_of_inertia_factor = <!--(Moment of inertia factor)-->
| escape_velocity    = 
| sidereal_day       = 
| axial_tilt         = 
| pole_ecliptic_lat  = <!--(Pole ecliptic latitude)-->
| pole_ecliptic_lon  = <!--(Pole ecliptic longitude)-->
| albedo             = 
| temp_name1         = 
| mean_temp_1        = 
| max_temp_1         = 
| temp_name2         = 
| max_temp_2         = 
| spectral_type      = 
| abs_magnitude      = <!--(Absolute magnitude)-->
}}

See here for means of semi-automating this template's transclusion as regards minor planets.

  • For satellites of minor planets, include the parameter |apsis= astron (see above).
From Wikipedia:WikiProject Astronomical objects/Infoboxes

Most of these entries should be measured in SI units. Some of them, however, should have more "human-accessible" units, in addition to SI units: several such cases are indicated with a second unit name in brackets. In the case of times (orbital periods, rotation), it is best to give all periods in days for comparison purposes, and provide a translation (in parentheses) into years, days, hours, etc.; whatever is most appropriate for the duration being described.

This template is very flexible. Moons with no atmosphere whatsoever could skip the atmospheric composition section entirely, for example (though atmospheric density would still be listed). Moons also wouldn't have their orbital radii listed in AU, since AUs are such large units. For planets, use "perihelion" and "aphelion" instead of "periapsis" and "apoapsis."

In the case of "number of moons" and "is a moon of", only one of these rows will be used by any given object. There aren't any moons with moons (yet), though perhaps "co-orbital with" might be a useful row to add in a few cases.

On orbital characteristics: The orbital circumference should be computed from the semi-major axis using Ramanujan's approximation for ellipses. The ratio of that circumference to the period then gives the average orbital speed. The minimum and maximum speeds follow from Kepler's laws: and . Note that, by convention, all orbital parameters are given in the primocentric reference system (heliocentric for the planets).

On proper orbital elements: The formulae used by the template to convert from proper mean motion to proper orbital motion are:
Oyears = 360 / M   and
Odays = 365.25 x Oyears

On physical characteristics: The surface area and volume of non-spherical objects (e.g. moonlets, asteroids) must use the proper ellipsoid formulae, because even slight departures from sphericity will make a large difference, particularly for the area.

On the subject of obliquity: Obliquity is the angle between the object's axis of rotation and the normal to the plane of its orbit. Do not confuse this with the Tilt listed in the JPL pages, which is a measure of the angle between the local Laplace plane and the primary's equatorial plane. In fact, most inner moons have synchronous rotations, so their obliquities will be, by definition, zero. Outer moons simply have not been seen from close up enough to determine their true obliquities (although Phoebe, recently seen by the Cassini probe, is an exception; see Talk:Phoebe (moon) for the derivation of its obliquity).

{{Infobox planet
| name                   = 
| symbol                 = <!--([[File:...]])-->
| background             = 
| image                  = <!--([[File:...]])-->
| caption                = 
| apsis                  = 
| discovery_ref          = <ref>...</ref>
| discoverer             = 
| discovery_site         = 
| discovered             = 
| discovery_method       = 
| mp_name                = 
| pronounced             = {{IPAc-en|<!-- IPA string -->|}}
| named_after            = 
| mp_category            = 
| alt_names              = 
| orbit_ref              = <ref>Osculating Orbital Elements</ref>
| orbit_diagram          = <!-- image link, just like in prose. ex.: [[File:1992 TC orbital diagram.jpg|260px]] -->
| epoch                  = 
| uncertainty            =
| observation_arc        =
| aphelion               = 
| perihelion             = 
| periastron             = 
| apoastron              = 
| periapsis              = 
| apoapsis               = 
| semimajor              = 
| mean_orbit_radius      = 
| eccentricity           = 
| period                 = 
| synodic_period         = 
| avg_speed              = <!--(Average orbital speed)-->
| mean_anomaly           = 
| inclination            = 
| angular_dist           = <!--(Angular distance)-->
| asc_node               = <!--(Longitude of ascending node)-->
| long_periastron        = <!--(Longitude of periastron)-->
| time_periastron        = <!--(Time of periastron)-->
| arg_peri               = <!--(Argument of peri[helion/astron/...])-->
| semi-amplitude         = 
| p_orbit_ref            = <ref>Proper Orbital Elements</ref>
| p_semimajor            = 
| p_eccentricity         = 
| p_inclination          = 
| p_mean_motion          = <!--(Proper orbital mean motion)-->
| perihelion_rate        = <!--(Proper perihelic precession rate)-->
| node_rate              = <!--(Proper nodal precession rate)-->
| satellite_of           = 
| satellites             = 
| moid                   = <!--(Earth MOID only)-->
| mercury_moid           =
| venus_moid             =
| mars_moid              =
| jupiter_moid           =
| saturn_moid            =
| uranus_moid            =
| neptune_moid           =
| dimensions             = 
| flattening             = 
| equatorial_radius      = 
| polar_radius           = 
| mean_radius            = 
| circumference          = 
| surface_area           = 
| volume                 = 
| mass                   = 
| density                = 
| surface_grav           = <!--(Equatorial surface gravity)-->
| moment_of_inertia_factor = <!--(Moment of inertia factor)-->
| escape_velocity        = 
| sidereal_day           = 
| rot_velocity           = <!--(Rotational velocity)-->
| axial_tilt             = 
| right_asc_north_pole   = <!--(North pole right ascension)-->
| declination            = <!--(North pole declination)-->
| pole_ecliptic_lat      = <!--(Pole ecliptic latitude)-->
| pole_ecliptic_lon      = <!--(Pole ecliptic longitude)-->
| albedo                 = 
| single_temperature     = 
| temp_name1             = 
| min_temp_1             = 
| mean_temp_1            = 
| max_temp_1             = 
| temp_name2             = 
| min_temp_2             = 
| mean_temp_2            = 
| max_temp_2             = 
| spectral_type          = 
| magnitude              = <!--(Apparent magnitude)-->
| abs_magnitude          = <!--(Absolute magnitude)-->
| angular_size           = 
| adjectives             = 
| atmosphere_ref         = <ref>...</ref>
| surface_pressure       = 
| scale_height           = 
| atmosphere_composition = 
}}

This section documents how some minor planet parameters may be computed when they're not directly measured. More detail can be found in Standard asteroid physical characteristics.

Average orbital speed

ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ

This is very simply the orbital circumference divided by the orbital period.

The exact circumference of an ellipse is , where a is the semi-major axis, e the eccentricity, and the function E is the complete elliptic integral of the second kind. This gives

E is close to when e is small.

An approximation using a taylor series expansion is

AstOrb Browser computes a velocity using Ramanujan's approximation for an ellipse's circumference:

Where b is the orbit's semi-minor axis:

For a spherical body of mass m, and radius r, the gravitational acceleration at the surface, is given by

Where G = 6.6742×೧೦−11 m3s−2kg−1 is the Gravitational constant, M is the mass of the body, and r its radius. This value is very approximate, as most minor planets are far from spherical.

For irregularly shaped bodies, the surface gravity will differ appreciably with location. However, at the outermost point/s, where the distance to the centre of mass is the greatest, the surface gravity is still given by a simple formula, a slightly modified version of the above that uses the largest radius

because all the body's mass is contained within this radius.

On a rotating body, the apparent weight experienced by an object on the surface is reduced by the centrifugal force, when one is away from the poles. The centrifugal acceleration experienced at the equator is

where T is the rotation period in seconds, and is the equatorial radius (usually also the maximum radius used above). The negative sign indicates that it acts in the opposite direction to the gravitational acceleration g.

The effective surface gravity at the equator is then

For surface gravity g and radius r, the escape velocity is:

This value is much less sensitive to the factors affecting the surface gravity, mentioned above.

For asteroid albedo α, semimajor axis a, solar luminosity , and asteroid infrared emissivity ε (usually taken to be ~0.9), the approximate mean temperature T is given by:

Where σ is Stefan-Boltzmann constant. See also Torrence V. Johnson, Paul R. Weissman, Lucy-Ann A. McFadden (2007). Encyclopedia of the Solar System. Elsevier. p. 294. ISBN 978-0-12-088589-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).

Template parameters

ಪರಿಮಿತಿವಿವರನಮೂನೆಸ್ಥಾನಮಾನ
Name name

name of planet

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Symbol symbol

symbol of planet

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Backgroundbackground

background of planet

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Image image

image of planet

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Caption caption

caption

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Apsisapsis

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Discovery_ref discovery_ref

<ref>...</ref>

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Discovererdiscoverer

discoverer of planet

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Discovery_sitediscovery_site

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Discovered discovered

discovered

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Discovery_method discovery_method

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
mp_name mp_name

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Pronouncedpronounced

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Named_afternamed_after

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
mp_category mp_category

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Alt_names alt_names

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Orbit_ref orbit_ref

<ref>Osculating Orbital Elements</ref>

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Orbit_diagram orbit_diagram

image link, just like in prose. ex.: [[File:1992 TC orbital diagram.jpg|260px]]

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Epoch epoch

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Uncertainty_parameteruncertainty

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Observation_arcobservation_arc

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Aphelionaphelion

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Perihelion perihelion

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Periastronperiastron

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Apoastronapoastron

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Periapsisperiapsis

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Apoapsis apoapsis

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Semimajor semimajor

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Mean_orbit_radius mean_orbit_radius

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Eccentricity eccentricity

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Periodperiod

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Synodic_periodsynodic_period

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Avg_speed avg_speed

(Average orbital speed)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Mean_anomalymean_anomaly

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Inclination inclination

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Angular_dist angular_dist

(Angular distance)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Asc_node asc_node

(Longitude of ascending node)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Long_periastron long_periastron

(Longitude of periastron)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Time_periastron time_periastron

(Time of periastron)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Arg_peri arg_peri

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Semi-amplitude semi-amplitude

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
p_orbit_refp_orbit_ref

<ref>Proper Orbital Elements</ref>

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
p_semimajor p_semimajor

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
p_eccentricity p_eccentricity

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
p_inclination p_inclination

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
p_mean_motion p_mean_motion

(Proper orbital mean motion)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Perihelion_rateperihelion_rate

(Proper perihelic precession rate)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Node_rate node_rate

(Proper nodal precession rate)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Satellite_of satellite_of

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Satellites satellites

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Moid moid

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Mercury_moid mercury_moid

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Venus_moid venus_moid

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Mars_moid mars_moid

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Jupiter_moidjupiter_moid

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Saturn_moid saturn_moid

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Uranus_moid uranus_moid

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Neptune_moidneptune_moid

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Dimensionsdimensions

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Flattening flattening

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Equatorial_radiusequatorial_radius

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Polar_radiuspolar_radius

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Mean_radiusmean_radius

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Circumferencecircumference

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Surface_area surface_area

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Volume volume

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Mass mass

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Densitydensity

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Surface_grav surface_grav

(Equatorial surface gravity)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Moment_of_inertia_factormoment_of_inertia_factor

(Moment of inertia factor)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Escape_velocityescape_velocity

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Sidereal_day sidereal_day

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Rot_velocityrot_velocity

(Rotational velocity)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Axial_tilt axial_tilt

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Right_asc_north_poleright_asc_north_pole

(North pole right ascension)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Declination declination

(North pole declination)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Pole_ecliptic_lat pole_ecliptic_lat

(Pole ecliptic latitude)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Pole_ecliptic_lon pole_ecliptic_lon

(Pole ecliptic longitude)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Albedo albedo

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Single_temperature single_temperature

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Temp_name1temp_name1

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Min_temp_1min_temp_1

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Mean_temp_1 mean_temp_1

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Max_temp_1max_temp_1

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Temp_name2 temp_name2

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Min_temp_2 min_temp_2

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Mean_temp_2 mean_temp_2

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Max_temp_2 max_temp_2

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Spectral_type spectral_type

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Magnitude magnitude

(Apparent magnitude)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Abs_magnitudeabs_magnitude

(Absolute magnitude)

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Angular_size angular_size

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Pronounced pronounced

{{IPA-en|<!-- IPA string -->|}}

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Adjectives adjectives

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Atmosphere_ref atmosphere_ref

<ref>...</ref>

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Surface_pressure surface_pressure

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Scale_heightscale_height

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ
Atmosphere_compositionatmosphere_composition

Stringಐಚ್ಛಿಕ

The HTML mark up produced by this template includes an hCard microformat, which makes the place-name and location parsable by computers, either acting automatically to catalogue article across Wikipedia, or via a browser tool operated by a person, to (for example) add the subject to an address book. For more information about the use of microformats on Wikipedia, please see the microformat project.

If the place or venue has an "established", "founded", "opened" or similar date that is specific to the day, use {{Start date}} unless the date is before 1583 CE. If it has a URL, use {{URL}}.

hCard uses HTML classes including:

  • adr
  • category
  • country-name
  • extended-address
  • fn
  • label
  • locality
  • nickname
  • note
  • org
  • street-address
  • url
  • vcard

Please do not rename or remove these classes nor collapse nested elements which use them.

  1. discovery_ref
  2. orbit_ref
  3. p_orbit_ref