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ಚಿತ್ರ:12th century Veeranarayana temple, Gadag, Karnataka India - 08.jpg

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English: The Veeranarayana temple – also referred to as Viranarayana temple – is an active temple in Gadag, and the largest. It is located in the northern part of Gadag, close to State Highway 45. The town is connected by the National Highway 67, between Hampi and Goa in north Karnataka.
  • The Veeranarayana temple is, like all Gadag area temples, a damaged and mutilated temple. It was restored by Vijayanagara kings. It presents three styles of construction: some Chalukya, some Hoysala and much Vijayanagara. Further, some modern era plaster and overcoat hides some of the early art.
  • The Veeranarayana temple is dedicated to Vishnu, depicted as "warrior Narayana" with Lakshmi and Garuda in the sanctum. The sanctum, some pillars and structure near it is in Chalukya style. The ranga mandapa or gathering hall for pilgrims along with the courtyard and stambha is in Hoysala style. The other mandapas and the gopura are in Vijayanagara style.
  • The temple is notable for the 15th century Kannada poet Kumara Vyasa who wrote the Kannada version of the Mahabharata inside this temple. The temple is also notable for the many inscriptions found here, on pillars, slabs in the ceiling and prakara area. These help date the temple and the history. Some of the inscribed slabs relating to this temple have been discovered in homes and wells in Gadag region, confirming a period when the ruins of this temple were used elsewhere.
  • One of the oldest surviving inscription found here is on a slab in the ceiling of the southern gopura, and has been translated in the South Indian Inscriptions vol XVIII, Inscription number 42. It is dated to Saka 930, Kilaka, Margasira (in November 1008 CE).
  • Another poetic inscription with 38 surviving lines is found on the temple enclosure wall close to the temple well. It is from June 1037 CE, mostly in old Kannada with two lines in Sanskrit. It describes the purchase of this land by the local governor under Jayasimha II (Chalukya dynasty) and gifting this land to an acharya (likely some sort of school) and associated temples. It does not mention this temple though, but mentions twelve Narayanas and confirms that this site was already important in early 11th-century (see Epigraphia India Volume 19, pages 217–222).
  • There are many more inscriptions here.
Gadag is a small town in Karnataka (sometimes called Gadag-Betageri, by the twin town designation). Prior to the 12th-century, it was the location of a growing, large city with numerous Hindu and Jain temples. Many inscriptions and literary references such as in the epic literature mention this place with alternate names: Gadugu, Galadugu, Kratuka, Kratapura and Kardugu. Several major dynasties helped build a galaxy of temples in and around Gadag region. These include the Rashtrakuta, Western Chalukya, Kalachuris, Yadavas and Hoysalas. The historic Gadag city reduced and dissolved into history as the region came under intense Sultanate era raids, wars and related destruction, and political turmoil.
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ಆಕರ P. Madhusudan (OTRS 2021031010007171)
ಕರ್ತೃ P. Madhusudan

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A 12th century Vaishnava temple in Gadag, restored during Vijayanagara Empire

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