ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ

ಮಾಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Year in various calendars

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This module produces the sidebar opposite displaying a given Gregorian year in various different calendars.

Syntax

ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ

Simple 

{{#invoke:Year in various calendars|main}}

All parameters 

{{#invoke:Year in various calendars|main |year=(n) |footnotes=(footnotes) |gregcal=(article name)}}

Parameters

ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ
year
Number specifying the year to be displayed. This can be negative and also can be in the format "n BC" to display BC dates or "AD n" as an alternative to a positive number. If not specified, the current year is used.
footnotes
Any footnotes to be placed at the bottom of the sidebar.
gregcal
Name of an article to be displayed for Gregorian and Julian years (e.g. "2000 BC"). Do not include square brackets.

Microformat

ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ

The HTML mark-up produced by this template includes an hCalendar microformat that makes event/date details readily parsable by computer programs. This aids tasks such as the cataloguing of articles and maintenance of databases. For more information about the use of microformats on Wikipedia, please visit the Microformat WikiProject.

Classes used

The HTML classes of this microformat include:

  • attendee
  • description
  • dtend
  • dtstart
  • location
  • summary
  • url
  • vevent
Please do not rename or remove these classes
nor collapse nested elements which use them.


No description.

Template parameters[Edit template data]

This template prefers block formatting of parameters.

ಪರಿಮಿತಿವಿವರನಮೂನೆಸ್ಥಾನಮಾನ
No parameters specified

Adding new calendars

ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ

The module is set up to allow for easy addition of new calendars. Just scroll down to the "Build the box" section of the module code, and add your calendar as follows:

To display one year: 

    local myCalendar = calendar:new()
    myCalendar:setLink( 'My calendar article' ) -- The name of the calendar's Wikipedia article.
    myCalendar:setYear( year + 10 ) -- Lua code linking the Gregorian calendar year to your calendar's year.
    box:addCalendar( myCalendar )

To display a year range: 

    local myCalendar = calendar:new()
    myCalendar:setLink( 'My calendar article' ) -- The name of the calendar's Wikipedia article.
    myCalendar:setYearRange( year + 10, year + 11 ) -- Lua code outputting the start year and the end year of the year range.
    box:addCalendar( myCalendar )

More complicated calendars can be passed as a string to calendar:setYear().

Technical details

ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ

The module defines three classes which do the work of setting up the sidebar and displaying the data provided by the calendar functions. These are the calendarBox class, which defines the sidebar; the calendar class, which holds the data for one calendar; and the calendarGroup object, which defines a group of calendar objects with a heading.

To load these classes from another module, use the following: 

local yearInOtherCalendars = require( 'Module:Year in various calendars' )
local calendarBox = yearInOtherCalendars.calendarBox
local calendarGroup = yearInOtherCalendars.calendarGroup
local calendar = yearInOtherCalendars.calendar

calendarBox class

ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ

A calendarBox object is initiated with: 

local myCalendarBox = calendarBox:new{ year = yyyy, footnotes = footnotes, navbar = page name }
  • year - sets the Gregorian year to base calendar calculations on. If not specified, the current year is used.
  • footnotes - sets text to be displayed in a footnotes section at the bottom of the sidebar.
  • navbar - sets the page name to be used by the navbar.

Calendar box objects have the following properties:

  • calendarBox.year - the Gregorian year number. This is negative for BC years; for example, for the year 100 BC the value of calendarBox.year is -99. (BC years are calculated by "1 - n" rather than "0 - n", as there is no year zero.)
  • calendarBox.yearText - the Gregorian year text. This is a string value of the format "n" for AD years and "n BC" for BC years.
  • calendarBox.caption - the text of the box caption (the bold text that appears directly above the box). The default caption is the value of calendarBox.yearText.
  • calendarBox.footnotes - the text of the box footnotes.
  • calendarBox.navbar - the page name used by the navbar.

Calendar box objects have the following methods:

  • calendarBox:setCaption( caption ) - sets the box caption (the bold text that appears directly above the box). The default caption is the value of calendarBox.yearText.
  • calendarBox:addCalendar( obj ) - adds a calendar object or a calendar group object to the calendar box.
  • calendarBox:addCalendarGroup( obj ) - an alias for myCalendarBox:addCalendar().
  • calendarBox:export() - converts the calendar box object to wikicode. This calls calendar:export() and calendarGroup:export() to export calendar objects and calendar group objects.

calendar class

ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ

A calendar object is initiated with: 

local myCalendar = calendar:new()

Calendar objects have the following properties:

  • calendar.link - the link name.
  • calendar.year - the year value. This is always a string value.

Calendar objects have the following methods:

  • calendar:setLink( link, display ) - sets the link name for the calendar object. link is the name of Wikipedia's article about the calendar, and display is an optional display name for the article link.
  • calendar:setRawLink( wikitext ) - sets the calendar link as raw wikitext.
  • calendar:getLink() - gets the link value.
  • calendar:setYear( year ) - sets the year value for the calendar. year can be a number or a string.
  • calendar:setYearRange( startYear, endYear ) - sets the year value for the calendar as a year range. Both startYear and endYear must be number values.
  • calendar:export() - exports the calendar to wikitext. If no link value was found, this returns nil. If a link was found but no year value was found, the calendar is output with a value of N/A for the year.

calendarGroup class

ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ

A calendarGroup object is initiated with: 

local myCalendarGroup = calendarGroup:new{ heading = heading }
  • heading - the wikitext heading for the calendar group (e.g. [[Hindu calendar]]s).

Calendar group objects have one property:

  • calendarGroup.heading - the calendar group heading text.

Calendar group objects have the following methods:

  • calendarGroup:addCalendar( obj ) - adds a calendar object to the calendar group.
  • calendarGroup:export() - converts a calendar group to wikitext. Calls calendar:export() to export individual calendar objects.

See also

ಬದಲಾಯಿಸಿ

{{Year in various calendars}} 

-- Load dependencies.
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local numToRoman = require( 'Module:Roman' ).main
local getOlympiad = require( 'Module:Ancient Olympiads' )._main
local getDynasty = require( 'Module:Ancient Egypt era' )._main
local getPharaoh = require( 'Module:Ancient Egypt kings' )._main
local numToArmenian = require( 'Module:Armenian' ).main
local getRegnal = require( 'Module:British regnal year' ).main
local japaneseEra = require( 'Module:Japanese calendar' ).era()

-- Define constants.
local lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage()
local currentYear = tonumber( lang:formatDate( 'Y' ) )

--------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Helper functions
--------------------------------------------------------------------

local function isInteger( num )
	-- Checks if a value is an integer. If so, returns the value converted to a number.
	-- If not, returns false.
	num = tonumber( num )
	if num and math.floor( num ) == num and num ~= math.huge then
		return num
	else
		return false
	end
end

local function BCToNum( s )
	-- Converts strings of the format "n BC" to their corresponding
	-- numerical values.
	if type( s ) ~= 'string' then
		return nil
	end
	s = mw.ustring.match( mw.ustring.upper( s ), '^([1-9]%d*)%s*BC$' )
	if not s then
		return nil
	end
	local num = tonumber( s )
	num = ( num - 1 ) * -1
	return num
end

local function numToBC( num )
	-- For BC years, returns a string with the year name appended with " BC".
	-- Otherwise returns nil.
	num = isInteger( num )
	if not num then return end
	if num <= 0 then
		return string.format( '%d BC', 1 - num )
	end
end

local function ADToNum( s )
	-- Converts strings of the format "AD n"
	-- to their corresponding numerical values.
	if type( s ) ~= 'string' then
		return nil
	end
	s = mw.ustring.match( mw.ustring.upper( s ), '^AD%s*([1-9]%d*)$' )
	if not s then
		return nil
	end
	local num = tonumber( s )
	return num
end

local function numToAD( num )
	-- For AD years up to 100, returns a string with the year name prepended with "AD ".
	-- Otherwise returns nil.
	num = isInteger( num )
	if not num then return end
	if (num <= 100) then
		return string.format( 'AD %d', num )
	end
end

local function formatNegative(s)
	-- Replaces hyphens in a string with minus signs if the hyphen comes before a number.
	s = mw.ustring.gsub( s, '%-(%d)', '−%1' )
	return s
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Calendar box class definition
--------------------------------------------------------------------

local calendarBox = {}
calendarBox.__index = calendarBox

function calendarBox:new( init )
	init = type( init ) == 'table' and init or {}
	local obj = {}
	local pagename = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text

	-- Set the year. If the year is specified as an argument, use that.
	-- Otherwise, use the page name if it is valid. If the pagename isn't
	-- valid, use the current year.
	local yearNum = isInteger( init.year )
	local yearBC = BCToNum( init.year )
	local yearAD = ADToNum( init.year )
	local pageNum = isInteger( pagename )
	local pageBC = BCToNum( pagename )
	local pageAD = ADToNum( pagename )
	if yearNum then -- First, see if the year parameter is a number.
		self.year = yearNum
	elseif yearBC then -- Second, see if the year parameter is a "yyyy BC" string.
		self.year = yearBC
	elseif yearAD then -- Third, see if the year parameter is an AD/CE/year string.
		self.year = yearAD
	elseif pageNum then -- Fourth, see if the pagename is an integer.
		self.year = pageNum
	elseif pageBC then -- Fifth, see if the pagename is a "yyyy BC" string.
		self.year = pageBC
	elseif pageAD then -- Sixth, see if the pagename is an AD/CE/year string.
		self.year = pageAD
	else
		self.year = currentYear -- If none of the above apply, use the current year.
	end

	-- Set year text values.
	self.BCYearName = numToBC( self.year )
	self.ADYearName = numToAD( self.year )
	if self.BCYearName then
		self.yearText = self.BCYearName
	elseif self.ADYearName then
		self.yearText = self.ADYearName
	else
		self.yearText = tostring( self.year )
	end

	-- Set other fields.
	self.caption = self.yearText
	self.footnotes = init.footnotes

	return setmetatable( obj, {
			__index = self
		})
end

function calendarBox:setCaption( s )
	-- Sets the calendar box caption.
	if type( s ) ~= 'string' or s == '' then return end
	self.caption = s
end

function calendarBox:addCalendar( obj )
	-- Adds a calendar or a calendar group.
	if type( obj ) ~= 'table' and type( obj.new ) ~= 'function' then return end -- Exit if the object is invalid.
	self.calendars = self.calendars or {}
	table.insert( self.calendars, obj )
end

-- Add an alias for adding calendar groups. The function is the same, but it might be confusing for users
-- to have to use the name "addCalendar" for a calendar group.
calendarBox.addCalendarGroup = calendarBox.addCalendar

function calendarBox:export()
	-- Outputs the calendar box wikitext.
	local root = mw.html.create( 'table' )
	-- Export the calendar box headers.
	root
	:addClass( 'infobox vevent' )
	:css( 'width', '22em' )
	:tag( 'caption' )
	:css( 'font-size', '125%' )
	:tag( 'span' )
	:addClass( 'summary dtstart' )
	:wikitext( self.caption )

	-- Export the calendars and calendar groups. "calendar:export()" works for both kinds
	-- of objects. Some export functions can return nil, so we need to check for that.
	if type( self.calendars ) == 'table' then
		for _, calendar in ipairs( self.calendars ) do
			local calendarText = calendar:export()
			if type( calendarText ) == 'string' then
				root:wikitext( calendarText )
			end
		end
	end

	-- Add footnotes.
	if type( self.footnotes ) == 'string' and self.footnotes ~= '' then
		root
		:tag( 'tr' )
		:tag( 'td' )
		:attr( 'colspan', '2' )
		:wikitext( string.format( '%s', self.footnotes ) )
	end

	return tostring( root )
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Calendar group class definition
--------------------------------------------------------------------

--  Calendar groups are used to group different calendars together. 
--  Previously, the template did this by including a table row with
--  no year value. By using objects we can do the same thing more
--  semantically.

local calendarGroup = {}
calendarGroup.__index = calendarGroup

function calendarGroup:new( init )
	init = type( init ) == 'table' and init or {}
	local obj = {}

	-- Get the heading and throw an error if it is invalid.
	obj.heading = init.heading
	if type( obj.heading ) ~= 'string' then
		error( 'calendarGroup: no heading detected' )
	end

	-- Set the metatable and return the object.
	self.__index = self
	return setmetatable( obj, {
			__index = self
		})
end

function calendarGroup:addCalendar( calendar )
	-- Adds a calendar object to the calendar group.
	self.calendars = self.calendars or {}
	if type( calendar ) == 'table' and type( calendar.getLink ) == 'function' then
		table.insert( self.calendars, calendar )
	end
end

function calendarGroup:export()
	-- Exports the calendar group's wikitext.
	-- Indent and italicise each calendar's link if it exists.
	for i, calendar in ipairs( self.calendars ) do
		local link = calendar:getLink()
		if type( link ) == 'string' then
			self.calendars[ i ]:setRawLink( string.format( "&nbsp;- ''%s''", link ) )
		end
	end
	-- Create the heading row html and export the calendar objects.
	local ret = mw.html.create()
	ret
	:tag( 'tr' )
	:tag( 'td' )
	:wikitext( self.heading )
	:done()
	:tag( 'td' ) -- Use a blank tag to make the html look nice.
	:allDone()
	for _, calendar in ipairs( self.calendars ) do
		ret:wikitext( calendar:export() )
	end
	return tostring( ret )
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Calendar class definition
--------------------------------------------------------------------

local calendar = {}
calendar.__index = calendar
calendar.type = 'calendar'

function calendar:new()
	local obj = {}
	return setmetatable( obj, {
			__index = self
		})
end

function calendar:setLink( link, display )
	-- Sets the calendar's wikilink, with optional display text and italics.
	if type( link ) ~= 'string' or link == '' then return end
	display = type( display ) == 'string' and display ~= '' and display
	if display then
		self.link = string.format( '[[%s|%s]]', link, display )
	else
		self.link = string.format( '[[%s]]', link )
	end
end

function calendar:setRawLink( s )
	-- Sets the calendar's wikilink as raw wikitext.
	if type( s ) ~= 'string' or s == '' then return end
	self.link = s
end

function calendar:getLink()
	-- Returns the calendar's link value.
	return self.link
end

function calendar:setYear( year )
	-- Sets a single year. Can be passed either a string or a number.
	-- If passed as a number, it is formatted with minus signs instead of hyphens.
	-- If passed as a string, no minus-sign formatting occurs; this should be done in the individual calendar definitions.
	if type( year ) == 'number' then
		year = tostring( year )
		self.year = formatNegative( year )
	elseif type( year ) == 'string' then
		self.year = year
	end
end

function calendar:setYearRange( year1, year2 )
	-- Sets a year range. Must be passed two numbers.
	if type( year1 ) == 'number' and type( year2 ) == 'number' then
		local year
		if year1 < 0 or year2 < 0 then -- Leave a gap for negative years to avoid having a minus sign and a dash right next to each other.
			year = string.format( '%d – %d', year1, year2 )
			year = formatNegative( year )
		else
			year = string.format( '%d–%d', year1, year2 )
		end
		self.year = year
	end
end

function calendar:setYearCouple( year1, year2 )
	-- Same as setYearRange, only with a slash (/) in the middle. Must be passed two numbers. 
	-- Additional text possible, must be defined as follows: addtext = string.format( 'additional text or link')
	-- See example in Seleucid era calendar
	if type( year1 ) == 'number' and type( year2 ) == 'number' then
		local year
		if year1 < 0 or year2 < 0 then -- Leave no gap for negative years.
			year = string.format( '%d/%d %s', year1, year2, addtext )
			year = formatNegative( year )
		else
			year = string.format( '%d/%d %s', year1, year2, addtext )
		end
		self.year = year
	end
end

function calendar:export()
	-- Outputs the calendar wikitext.
	-- Exit if no link has been specified.
	local link = self.link
	if type( link ) ~= 'string' or link == '' then return end

	-- If no year has been specified, set the year value to N/A.
	local year = self.year
	if type( year ) ~= 'string' or year == '' then
		year = "''N/A''"
	end

	-- Build the table row.
	local ret = mw.html.create()
	ret
	:tag( 'tr' )
	:tag( 'td' )
	:wikitext( link )
	:done()
	:tag( 'td' )
	:wikitext( year )
	:allDone()
	return tostring( ret )
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Build the box
--------------------------------------------------------------------

local function makeCalendarBox( args )
	-- Initiate the box and get the year values.
	local init = args
	local box = calendarBox:new( init )
	local year = box.year
	local yearText = box.yearText

	-- Set the caption.
	box:setCaption( box.caption .. ' in various [[Calendar era|calendars]]' )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Gregorian calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local gregorian = calendar:new()
	gregorian:setLink( 'Gregorian calendar' )
	-- Get the year link.
	local gregcal = args.gregcal
	if type( gregcal ) == 'string' and gregcal ~= '' then
		gregorian.yearLink = string.format( '[[%s|%s]]', gregcal, yearText )
	else
		gregorian.yearLink = yearText
	end
	-- Set the year.
	gregorian.romanYear = numToRoman{ math.abs(year) } .. (year < 0 and ' BC' or '')
	if gregorian.romanYear then
		gregorian:setYear( string.format(
				[[%s<br /><span style="font-family: serif;">''%s''</span>]],
				gregorian.yearLink, gregorian.romanYear
				) )
	else
		gregorian:setYear( gregorian.yearLink )
	end
	box:addCalendar( gregorian ) 
	
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- French Republican calendar
	-- displays only in years 1793 - 1805 and 1871
	-- This calendar was in use and had defined years only for the short period on display.
	-- Its importance during these few years is also the reason why it should stay out of the alphabetic order.
	-- See discussion on talk page.
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	
	if year >= 1793 and year < 1806 or year == 1871 then
		local republican = calendar:new()
		republican:setLink('French Republican calendar')
		if year <= 1870 then
			republican:setYearRange( year - 1792, year - 1791 )
		elseif year == 1871 then
			republican:setYear( year - 1792 ) -- Paris Commune, May
		end
		box:addCalendar( republican )
	end
	
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Ab urbe condita
	-- Varro's correlation, from 1 AUC
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	if year >= -752 then
		local abUrbe = calendar:new()
		abUrbe:setLink( 'Ab urbe condita' )
		abUrbe:setYear( year + 753 )
		box:addCalendar( abUrbe )
	end
	
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Ancient Egypt era 
	-- Displays dynasty between 1549 BC and 30 BC
	-- Displays pharaoh or king between 752 BC and 30 BC
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	if year > -1549 and year <= -29 then
	local ancEgypt = calendar:new()
	ancEgypt:setLink(
			'Egyptian chronology',
			'Ancient Egypt era'
		)
	ancEgypt:setYear( getDynasty( year ) )
	box:addCalendar( ancEgypt )
	end
	if year > - 752 and year <= -29 then
	local ancPharaoh = calendar:new()
	ancPharaoh:setLink(
			'List of pharaohs',
			'<i>- Pharaoh</i>'
		)
	ancPharaoh:setYear( getPharaoh( year ) )
	box:addCalendar( ancPharaoh )
	end

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Ancient Olympiads 
	-- Currently only the first 194 Olympiads
	-- May be expanded until 394 AD when data available
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	if year >= -1300 and year < 1 then
	local ancOlympiads = calendar:new()
	ancOlympiads:setLink(
			'Ancient Greek calendar',
			'Ancient Greek era'
		)
	ancOlympiads:setYear( getOlympiad( year ) )
	box:addCalendar( ancOlympiads )
	end

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Armenian calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	if year > 551 then
	local armenian = calendar:new()
	armenian:setLink( 'Armenian calendar' )
		local armenianYear = year - 551
		armenian:setYear( string.format( '%s<br />ԹՎ %s', armenianYear, numToArmenian( armenianYear ) ) )
	box:addCalendar( armenian )
	end

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Assyrian calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local assyrian = calendar:new()
	assyrian:setLink( 'Assyrian calendar' )
	assyrian:setYear( year + 4750 )
	box:addCalendar( assyrian )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Bahá'í calendar
	-- displays only after 1843
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	
	if year >= 1844 then
		local bahai = calendar:new()
		bahai:setLink( "Baháʼí calendar" )
		bahai:setYearRange( year - 1844, year - 1843 )
		box:addCalendar( bahai )
	end
	
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- Balinese saka calendar
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
    local balinese = calendar:new()
    balinese:setLink( 'Balinese saka calendar' )
    if year - 76 > 0 then
    	balinese:setYearRange( year - 79, year - 78 )
    end
    box:addCalendar( balinese )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Bengali calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local bengali = calendar:new()
	bengali:setLink( 'Bengali calendar' )
	bengali:setYear( year - 593 )
	box:addCalendar( bengali )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Berber calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local berber = calendar:new()
	berber:setLink( 'Berber calendar' )
	berber:setYear( year + 950 )
	box:addCalendar( berber )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Regnal year
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	if year >= 1000 then
		local regnal = calendar:new()
		local regnalName
		if year > 1706 then
			regnalName = 'British'
		else
			regnalName = 'English'
		end
		regnal:setLink( 'Regnal years of English monarchs', regnalName .. ' Regnal year' )
		regnal:setYear( getRegnal( year ) )
		box:addCalendar( regnal )
	end

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Buddhist calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local buddhist = calendar:new()
	buddhist:setLink( 'Buddhist calendar' )
	buddhist:setYear( year + 544 )
	box:addCalendar( buddhist )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Burmese calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local burmese = calendar:new()
	burmese:setLink( 'Burmese calendar' )
	burmese:setYear( year - 638 )
	box:addCalendar( burmese )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Byzantine calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local byzantine = calendar:new()
	byzantine:setLink( 'Byzantine calendar' )
	byzantine:setYearRange( year + 5508, year + 5509 )
	box:addCalendar( byzantine )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Chinese calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local chinese = calendar:new()
	chinese:setLink( 'Chinese calendar' )

	-- Define the information for the "heavenly stems" and "earthly branches" year cycles.
	-- See [[Chinese calendar#Cycle of years]] for information.

	local heavenlyStems = {
		{ '甲', 'Wood' },   -- 1
		{ '乙', 'Wood' },   -- 2
		{ '丙', 'Fire' },   -- 3
		{ '丁', 'Fire' },   -- 4
		{ '戊', 'Earth' },  -- 5
		{ '己', 'Earth' },  -- 6
		{ '庚', 'Metal' },  -- 7
		{ '辛', 'Metal' },  -- 8
		{ '壬', 'Water' },  -- 9
		{ '癸', 'Water' }   -- 10
	}

	local earthlyBranches = {
		{ '子', '[[Rat (zodiac)|Rat]]' },           -- 1
		{ '丑', '[[Ox (zodiac)|Ox]]' },             -- 2
		{ '寅', '[[Tiger (zodiac)|Tiger]]' },       -- 3
		{ '卯', '[[Rabbit (zodiac)|Rabbit]]' },     -- 4
		{ '辰', '[[Dragon (zodiac)|Dragon]]' },     -- 5
		{ '巳', '[[Snake (zodiac)|Snake]]' },       -- 6
		{ '午', '[[Horse (zodiac)|Horse]]' },       -- 7
		{ '未', '[[Goat (zodiac)|Goat]]' },         -- 8
		{ '申', '[[Monkey (zodiac)|Monkey]]' },     -- 9
		{ '酉', '[[Rooster (zodiac)|Rooster]]' },   -- 10
		{ '戌', '[[Dog (zodiac)|Dog]]' },           -- 11
		{ '亥', '[[Pig (zodiac)|Pig]]' }            -- 12
	}

	-- Calculate the cycle numbers from the year. The first sexagenary year corresponds to the ''previous'' year's entry
	-- in [[Chinese calendar correspondence table]], as the Chinese New Year doesn't happen until Jan/Feb in
	-- Gregorian years.
	local sexagenaryYear1 = ( year - 4 ) % 60
	local sexagenaryYear2 = ( year - 3 ) % 60
	local heavenlyNum1 = (sexagenaryYear1 - 1) % 10 + 1 -- amod, since lua arrays are 1-indexed
	local heavenlyNum2 = (sexagenaryYear2 - 1) % 10 + 1
	local earthlyNum1 = (sexagenaryYear1 - 1) % 12 + 1
	local earthlyNum2 = (sexagenaryYear2 - 1) % 12 + 1

	-- Get the data tables for each permutation.
	local heavenlyTable1 = heavenlyStems[ heavenlyNum1 ]
	local heavenlyTable2 = heavenlyStems[ heavenlyNum2 ]
	local earthlyTable1 = earthlyBranches[ earthlyNum1 ]
	local earthlyTable2 = earthlyBranches[ earthlyNum2 ]

	-- Work out the continously-numbered year. (See [[Chinese calendar#Continuously numbered years]].)
	local year1 = year + 2696
	local year2 = year + 2697
	local year1Alt = year1 - 60
	local year2Alt = year2 - 60

	-- Format any negative numbers.
	year1 = formatNegative( tostring( year1 ) )
	year2 = formatNegative( tostring( year2 ) )
	year1Alt = formatNegative( tostring( year1Alt ) )
	year2Alt = formatNegative( tostring( year2Alt ) )

	-- Return all of that data in a (hopefully) reader-friendly format.
	chinese:setYear( string.format(
			[=[[[Sexagenary cycle|%s%s]]年 (%s&nbsp;%s)<br />%s or %s<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''—&nbsp;to&nbsp;—''<br />%s%s年 (%s&nbsp;%s)<br />%s or %s]=],
			heavenlyTable1[ 1 ],
			earthlyTable1[ 1 ],
			heavenlyTable1[ 2 ],
			earthlyTable1[ 2 ],
			year1,
			year1Alt,
			heavenlyTable2[ 1 ],
			earthlyTable2[ 1 ],
			heavenlyTable2[ 2 ],
			earthlyTable2[ 2 ],
			year2,
			year2Alt
			) )

	box:addCalendar( chinese )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Coptic calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local coptic = calendar:new()
	coptic:setLink( 'Coptic calendar' )
	coptic:setYearRange( year - 284, year - 283 )
	box:addCalendar( coptic )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Discordian calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local discordian = calendar:new()
	discordian:setLink( 'Discordian calendar' )
	discordian:setYear( year + 1166 )
	box:addCalendar( discordian )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Ethiopian calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local ethiopian = calendar:new()
	ethiopian:setLink( 'Ethiopian calendar' )
	ethiopian:setYearRange( year - 8, year - 7 )
	box:addCalendar( ethiopian )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Hebrew calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local hebrew = calendar:new()
	hebrew:setLink( 'Hebrew calendar' )
	hebrew:setYearRange( year + 3760, year + 3761 )
	box:addCalendar( hebrew )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Hindu calendars
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local hindu = calendarGroup:new{ heading = '[[Hindu calendar]]s' }

	-- Vikram Samvat

	local vikramSamvat = calendar:new()
	vikramSamvat:setLink( 'Vikram Samvat' )
	vikramSamvat:setYearRange( year + 56, year + 57 )
	hindu:addCalendar( vikramSamvat )

	-- Shaka Samvat

	local shakaSamvat = calendar:new()
	shakaSamvat:setLink( 'Indian national calendar', 'Shaka Samvat' )
	if year >= 78 then
		shakaSamvat:setYearRange( year - 79, year - 78 )
	end
	hindu:addCalendar( shakaSamvat )

	-- Kali Yuga

	local kaliYuga = calendar:new()
	kaliYuga:setLink( 'Kali Yuga' ) -- use italics
	kaliYuga:setYearRange( year + 3100, year + 3101 )
	hindu:addCalendar( kaliYuga )

	box:addCalendarGroup( hindu )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Holocene calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local holocene = calendar:new()
	holocene:setLink( 'Holocene calendar' )
	holocene:setYear( year + 10000 )
	box:addCalendar( holocene )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Igbo calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	-- In the old template this was a calendar group with just one calendar; intentionally adding this as a single
	-- calendar here, as the previous behaviour looked like a mistake.
	if year >= 1000 then
		local igbo = calendar:new()
		igbo:setLink( 'Igbo calendar' )
		igbo:setYearRange( year - 1000, year - 999 )
		box:addCalendar( igbo )
	end

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Iranian calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local iranian = calendar:new()
	iranian:setLink( 'Iranian calendars', 'Iranian calendar' )
	if year - 621 > 0 then
		iranian:setYearRange( year - 622, year - 621 )
	else
		iranian:setYear( string.format( '%d BP&nbsp;– %d BP', 622 - year, 621 - year ) )
	end
	box:addCalendar( iranian )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Islamic calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local islamic = calendar:new()
	islamic:setLink( 'Islamic calendar' )
	local islamicMult = 1.030684 -- the factor to multiply by
	local islamicSub = 621.5643 -- the factor to subtract by
	if year - 621 > 0 then
		local year1 = math.floor( islamicMult * ( year - islamicSub ) )
		local year2 = math.floor( islamicMult * ( year - islamicSub + 1 ) )
		islamic:setYearRange( year1, year2 )
	else
		local year1 = math.ceil( -islamicMult * ( year - islamicSub ) )
		local year2 = math.ceil( -islamicMult * ( year - islamicSub + 1 ) )
		islamic:setYear( string.format( '%d BH&nbsp;– %d BH', year1, year2 ) )
	end
	box:addCalendar( islamic )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Japanese calendar
	-- starting 600
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	
	if year >= 600 then
	local japanese = calendar:new()
	japanese:setLink( 'Japanese calendar' )

	japanese.thisEra = japaneseEra:new{ year = year }
	if japanese.thisEra then
		local japaneseYearText = {}
		japanese.oldEra = japanese.thisEra:getOldEra()
		if japanese.oldEra and japanese.oldEra.eraYear and japanese.thisEra.article ~= japanese.oldEra.article then
			japanese.oldText = string.format( '%s %d', japanese.oldEra.link, japanese.oldEra.eraYear )
			table.insert( japaneseYearText, japanese.oldText )
			table.insert( japaneseYearText, ' / ' )
		end
		if japanese.thisEra.eraYear then
			table.insert( japaneseYearText, string.format( '%s %d', japanese.thisEra.link, japanese.thisEra.eraYear ) )
		end
		table.insert( japaneseYearText, string.format( '<br />(%s%s年)', japanese.thisEra.kanji, japanese.thisEra.eraYearKanji ) )
		japanese:setYear( table.concat( japaneseYearText ) )
	end

	box:addCalendar( japanese )
	end

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Javanese calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local javanese = calendar:new()
	javanese:setLink( 'Javanese calendar' )
	local javaneseMult = 1.030684 -- the factor to multiply by
	local javaneseSub = 124.9 -- the factor to subtract by
	if year - 124 > 0 then
		local year1 = math.floor( javaneseMult * ( year - javaneseSub ) )
		local year2 = math.floor( javaneseMult * ( year - javaneseSub + 1 ) )
		javanese:setYearRange( year1, year2 )
	else
		local year1 = math.ceil( -javaneseMult * ( year - javaneseSub ) )
		local year2 = math.ceil( -javaneseMult * ( year - javaneseSub + 1 ) )
	end
	box:addCalendar( javanese )
	
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Juche calendar
	-- displays only after 1910
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	if year >= 1910 then
		local juche = calendar:new()
		juche:setLink( 'Juche calendar' )
		if year > 1911 then
			juche:setYear( year - 1911 )
		end
		box:addCalendar( juche )
	end

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Julian calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local julian = calendar:new()
	julian:setLink( 'Julian calendar' )

	if year >= -45 and year < 1582 then
		julian:setYear(gregorian.year)
	elseif year >= 1582 then
		local diff = math.floor(year/100-2) - math.floor(year/400)
		if year % 100 == 0 and year % 400 ~= 0 then
			julian:setYear('Gregorian minus ' .. diff-1 .. ' or ' .. diff .. ' days')
		else
			julian:setYear('Gregorian minus ' .. diff .. ' days')
		end
	end

	box:addCalendar( julian )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Korean calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local korean = calendar:new()
	korean:setLink( 'Korean calendar' )
	korean:setYear( year + 2333 )
	box:addCalendar( korean )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Minguo calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local minguo = calendar:new()
	minguo:setLink( 'Minguo calendar' )
	if year > 1949 then
		local minguoYear = year - 1911
		minguo:setYear( string.format( '[[Taiwan|ROC]] %d<br />民國%d年', minguoYear, minguoYear ) )
	elseif year > 1911 then
		local minguoYear = year - 1911
		minguo:setYear( string.format( '[[Republic of China (1912–1949)|ROC]] %d<br />民國%d年', minguoYear, minguoYear ) )
	else
		local minguoYear = 1911 - year + 1
		minguo:setYear( string.format( '%d before [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|ROC]]<br />民前%d年', minguoYear, minguoYear ) )
	end
	box:addCalendar( minguo )
	
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Nanakshahi calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local nanakshahi = calendar:new()
	nanakshahi:setLink( 'Nanakshahi calendar' )
	nanakshahi:setYear( year - 1468 )
	box:addCalendar( nanakshahi )
	
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Seleucid era
	-- displays from 312 BC until 1200 AD
	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	
	if year >= -311 and year < 1200 then
		local seleucid = calendar:new()
			seleucid:setLink( 'Seleucid era' )
			addtext = string.format( '[[Anno Graecorum|AG]]')
		seleucid:setYearCouple( year + 311, year + 312, addtext )
		box:addCalendar( seleucid )
	end

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Thai solar calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local thai = calendar:new()
	thai:setLink( 'Thai solar calendar' )
	if year >= 1941 then
		thai:setYear( year + 543 )
	else -- if year >= 1912 or year <= 1887 -- year started in March/April
		thai:setYearRange( year + 542, year + 543 )
	-- else -- Rattanakosin Era, 1888?-1912
	--			thai:setYear( string.format( '%d &nbsp;– %d ([[Rattanakosin Kingdom|Rattanakosin Era]])', year - 1782 , year - 1781 ) )
	end
	box:addCalendar( thai )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Tibetan calendar
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local tibetan = calendar:new()
	tibetan:setLink( 'Tibetan calendar' )

	-- Define the information for the "heavenly stems" and "earthly branches" year cycles.
	-- See [[Tibetan calendar#Years]] for information.

	local heavenlyStems = {
		{ '阳木', 'male Wood' },   -- 1
		{ '阴木', 'female Wood' },   -- 2
		{ '阳火', 'male Fire' },   -- 3
		{ '阴火', 'female Fire' },   -- 4
		{ '阳土', 'male Earth' },  -- 5
		{ '阴土', 'female Earth' },  -- 6
		{ '阳金', 'male Iron' },  -- 7
		{ '阴金', 'female Iron' },  -- 8
		{ '阳水', 'male Water' },  -- 9
		{ '阴水', 'female Water' }   -- 10
	}

	local earthlyBranches = {
		{ '鼠', '[[Rat (zodiac)|Rat]]' },           -- 1
		{ '牛', '[[Ox (zodiac)|Ox]]' },             -- 2
		{ '虎', '[[Tiger (zodiac)|Tiger]]' },       -- 3
		{ '兔', '[[Rabbit (zodiac)|Rabbit]]' },     -- 4
		{ '龙', '[[Dragon (zodiac)|Dragon]]' },     -- 5
		{ '蛇', '[[Snake (zodiac)|Snake]]' },       -- 6
		{ '马', '[[Horse (zodiac)|Horse]]' },       -- 7
		{ '羊', '[[Goat (zodiac)|Goat]]' },         -- 8
		{ '猴', '[[Monkey (zodiac)|Monkey]]' },     -- 9
		{ '鸡', '[[Rooster (zodiac)|Rooster]]' },   -- 10
		{ '狗', '[[Dog (zodiac)|Dog]]' },           -- 11
		{ '猪', '[[Pig (zodiac)|Pig]]' }            -- 12
	}

	-- Calculate the cycle numbers from the year. The first sexagenary year corresponds to the ''previous'' year's entry
	-- in [[Tibetan calendar correspondence table]], as the Tibetan New Year doesn't happen until Feb/Mar in
	-- Gregorian years.
	local sexagenaryYear1 = ( year - 4 ) % 60
	local sexagenaryYear2 = ( year - 3 ) % 60
	local heavenlyNum1 = (sexagenaryYear1 - 1) % 10 + 1 -- amod, since lua arrays are 1-indexed
	local heavenlyNum2 = (sexagenaryYear2 - 1) % 10 + 1
	local earthlyNum1 = (sexagenaryYear1 - 1) % 12 + 1
	local earthlyNum2 = (sexagenaryYear2 - 1) % 12 + 1

	-- Get the data tables for each permutation.
	local heavenlyTable1 = heavenlyStems[ heavenlyNum1 ]
	local heavenlyTable2 = heavenlyStems[ heavenlyNum2 ]
	local earthlyTable1 = earthlyBranches[ earthlyNum1 ]
	local earthlyTable2 = earthlyBranches[ earthlyNum2 ]

	-- Work out the continously-numbered year. (See [[Tibetan calendar#Years with cardinal numbers]].)
	local year1 = year + 126
	local year2 = year + 127
	local year1Alt1 = year1 - 381
	local year1Alt2 = year1 - 1153
	local year2Alt1 = year2 - 381
	local year2Alt2 = year2 - 1153

	-- Format any negative numbers.
	year1 = formatNegative( tostring( year1 ) )
	year2 = formatNegative( tostring( year2 ) )
	year1Alt1 = formatNegative( tostring( year1Alt1 ) )
	year1Alt2 = formatNegative( tostring( year1Alt2 ) )
	year2Alt1 = formatNegative( tostring( year2Alt1 ) )
	year2Alt2 = formatNegative( tostring( year2Alt2 ) )

	-- Return all of that data in a (hopefully) reader-friendly format.
	tibetan:setYear( string.format(
			[=[%s%s年<br />(%s-%s)<br />%s or %s or %s<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''—&nbsp;to&nbsp;—''<br />%s%s年<br />(%s-%s)<br />%s or %s or %s]=],
			heavenlyTable1[ 1 ],
			earthlyTable1[ 1 ],
			heavenlyTable1[ 2 ],
			earthlyTable1[ 2 ],
			year1,
			year1Alt1,
			year1Alt2,
			heavenlyTable2[ 1 ],
			earthlyTable2[ 1 ],
			heavenlyTable2[ 2 ],
			earthlyTable2[ 2 ],
			year2,
			year2Alt1,
			year2Alt2
			) )

	box:addCalendar( tibetan )

	----------------------------------------------------------------------
	-- Unix time
	----------------------------------------------------------------------

	local unix = calendar:new()

	local function getUnixTime( year )
		if year < 1970 then return end
		local noError, unixTime = pcall( lang.formatDate, lang, 'U', '1 Jan ' .. tostring( year ) )
		if not noError or noError and not unixTime then return end
		unixTime = tonumber( unixTime )
		if unixTime and unixTime >= 0 then
			return unixTime - 1
		end
	end
	unix.thisYear = getUnixTime( year )
	unix.nextYear = getUnixTime( year + 1 )
	if unix.thisYear and unix.nextYear then
		unix:setLink( 'Unix time' )
		unix:setYear( (unix.thisYear + 1) .. " – " .. unix.nextYear )
	end

	box:addCalendar( unix )

	return box:export()
end

--------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Process arguments from #invoke
--------------------------------------------------------------------

local p = {}

function p.main( frame )
	-- Process the arguments and pass them to the box-building function.
	local args = getArgs( frame )
	-- Pass year argument with 'year' parameter or without any name but first argument
	args.year = args.year or args[1]
	return makeCalendarBox( args )
end

return p
"https://kn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ಮಾಡ್ಯೂಲ್:Year_in_various_calendars&oldid=1147621" ಇಂದ ಪಡೆಯಲ್ಪಟ್ಟಿದೆ