v · t · e GATT and WTO trade rounds [ ೧]
Name
Start
Duration
Countries
Subjects covered
Achievements
Geneva
April 1947
7 months
23
Tariffs
Signing of GATT, 45,000 tariff concessions affecting $10 billion of trade
Annecy
April 1949
5 months
13
Tariffs
Countries exchanged some 5,000 tariff concessions
Torquay
September 1950
8 months
38
Tariffs
Countries exchanged some 8,700 tariff concessions, cutting the 1948 tariff levels by 25%
Geneva II
January 1956
5 months
26
Tariffs, admission of Japan
$2.5 billion in tariff reductions
Dillon
September 1960
11 months
26
Tariffs
Tariff concessions worth $4.9 billion of world trade
Kennedy
May 1964
37 months
62
Tariffs, Anti-dumping
Tariff concessions worth $40 billion of world trade
Tokyo
September 1973
74 months
102
Tariffs, non-tariff measures, "framework" agreements
Tariff reductions worth more than $300 billion dollars achieved
Uruguay
September 1986
87 months
123
Tariffs, non-tariff measures, rules, services, intellectual property, dispute settlement, textiles, agriculture, creation of WTO, etc
The round led to the creation of WTO, and extended the range of trade negotiations, leading to major reductions in tariffs (about 40%) and agricultural subsidies, an agreement to allow full access for textiles and clothing from developing countries, and an extension of intellectual property rights.
Doha
November 2001
?
159
Tariffs, non-tariff measures, agriculture, labor standards, environment, competition, investment, transparency, patents etc
The round is not yet concluded.
References
These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
↑ a)The GATT years: from Havana to Marrakesh , World Trade Organization b)Timeline: World Trade Organization – A chronology of key events , BBC News c)Brakman-Garretsen-Marrewijk-Witteloostuijn, Nations and Firms in the Global Economy , Chapter 10: Trade and Capital Restriction